Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)
Prolapse occurs when one or more pelvic structures lose support, causing them to descend. The type of prolapse depends on the affected structure:
Anterior Wall Prolapse (Cystocele) – Bladder prolapse
Posterior Wall Prolapse (Rectocele) – Rectum prolapse
Uterine Prolapse – Uterus prolapse
Urethrocele – Urethra prolapse
Vaginal Vault Prolapse – Prolapse of the vaginal top (common after a hysterectomy)
Enterocele Prolapse – Prolapse of the intestines
Symptoms of Prolapse
Symptoms vary depending on the type of prolapse, and being able to describe them can help your physiotherapist determine the best course of treatment.
Common symptoms include:
A dragging sensation in the pelvis
Difficulty emptying the bladder or bowel, including trouble initiating urination or constipation
A feeling of heaviness or pressure in the vagina or rectum
Pain that worsens with prolonged standing
A visible bulge in the vagina or perineum
A sensation of obstruction during intercourse or difficulty with penetration
Discomfort or pain during intercourse
A widened or gaping vaginal opening
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosing a prolapse involves:
A detailed history of symptoms
Postural and movement assessment
A pelvic assessment, including an internal examination
Prolapses are graded based on severity, depending on how far the affected structure has descended. For most early-stage prolapses, physiotherapy is highly effective.
Research shows that targeted pelvic floor exercises, when performed correctly under supervision, can restore better support for the bladder, bowel, and pelvic organs. Once pelvic floor strength and function improve, we can help you gradually return to normal activities that may have been impacted by your prolapse.